低溫杜瓦罐是設計用來貯存液氮、yehaidengdiwenyetide。diwenyetidefeidianbijiaodi,yaoxiangbaocundiwenyetijiuyidingyaoshixitongweichizaidiwen,ruguoxitonggerebuhaodehua,diwenyetijiuhuiqihua,diwenyetizaiqihuadetongshitijizengjiahenkuai,biru1升液氮氣化後會變成700升氮氣,大量氣體不能有效地從容器裏排出的話,容器內的壓力增加很容易會導致爆炸。
正在使用中的杜瓦罐,可見頂部的液位計及周圍各種閥門。
低(di)溫(wen)杜(du)瓦(wa)罐(guan)就(jiu)是(shi)為(wei)了(le)貯(zhu)存(cun)並(bing)使(shi)用(yong)低(di)溫(wen)液(ye)體(ti)而(er)被(bei)設(she)計(ji)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)。首(shou)先(xian)低(di)溫(wen)杜(du)瓦(wa)罐(guan)有(you)非(fei)常(chang)好(hao)的(de)隔(ge)熱(re)性(xing)能(neng),杜(du)瓦(wa)罐(guan)一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)由(you)兩(liang)層(ceng)金(jin)屬(shu)殼(ke)體(ti)組(zu)成(cheng),開(kai)口(kou)很(hen)小(xiao),殼(ke)體(ti)鍍(du)膜(mo)同(tong)時(shi)殼(ke)體(ti)之(zhi)間(jian)抽(chou)真(zhen)空(kong)使(shi)對(dui)流(liu)、傳導和輻射都降到小。
液體處在低溫時,其蒸氣壓是不大的,換句話說杜瓦罐內的液體在正常情況下壓力並不是很大。但絕`對的熱隔離是做不到的,杜瓦瓶內的液體緩慢氣化也會使罐內的壓力逐漸升高,為了不發生爆炸,杜瓦罐裝有泄壓閥(安全閥),當壓力大於一定數值的時候,泄壓閥會自動打開使罐內的氣體放出來一部分,使罐內氣壓降低。
頻pin繁fan泄xie壓ya會hui減jian少shao低di溫wen液ye體ti貯zhu存cun的de時shi間jian,為wei了le延yan長chang液ye體ti貯zhu存cun的de時shi間jian,我wo們men會hui使shi用yong加jia壓ya杜du瓦wa罐guan,低di溫wen液ye體ti氣qi化hua後hou會hui自zi動dong對dui罐guan內nei的de液ye體ti加jia壓ya,高gao壓ya下xia液ye體ti的de沸fei點dian會hui升sheng高gao,這zhe樣yang一yi方fang麵mian延yan長chang了le低di溫wen液ye體ti的de保bao存cun時shi間jian,另ling外wai一yi方fang麵mian也ye可ke以yi用yong增zeng壓ya閥fa使shi低di溫wen液ye體ti從cong杜du瓦wa罐guan中zhong流liu出chu。
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